Biology
- 2002-2003 Winter Mortality of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Northeastern U.S. – Shields and Cheah (pdf)
- Population Genetics of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid– Paradis, Wang, and Elkinton – 2004 (pdf)
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Non-native Pest – FHTET-2001-03 (pdf)
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Pest Alert
- Life Stages of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Northern Range – 2002 (pdf)
Biological Control
- Integrating chemical and biological control of the hemlock woolly adelgid: a resource manager’s guide. – Mayfield et al., FHAAST-2018-04, Jan. 2020
- Biological Control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Eastern United States – McClure, FHTET-2000-08, Jan. 2001 (pdf)
- Biological Control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid – USDA Forest Service, FHTET-2004-04
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Non-native Pest – FHTET-2001-03 (pdf)
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Introduced Pest – FHTET-96-35 (pdf)
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid—A Race in Time – Onken, poster presented at HWA Symposium – 2002 (pdf)
- Development of Insect-Killing Fungi for Management of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid – Costa, Skinner, S. Gouli, Brownbridge, V. Gouli, Reid, and Parker 2004 (pdf)
- Scymnus ningshanensis Yu et Yao (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for Biological Control of Adelges tsugae (Homoptera: Adelgidae) – Montgomery, Wang, Butin, Yao, Lu, and Havill, 2004 (pdf)
HWA Predator Fact Sheets:
- Scymnus coniferarum Fact Sheet 2014 (pdf)
- Scymnus camptodromus Fact Sheet 2014 (pdf)
- Laricobius osakensis Fact Sheet 2014 (pdf)
P.tsugae Release Sites:
Laricobius nigrinus and Sasajisycymnus tsugae Release Sites:
- Laricobius nigrinus (2003-2004) and Sasajisycymnus tsugae (1995-2003) Release Locations (jpg)
- Number of Beetles Released and Release Sites by State (pdf)
Chemical Control
- Biology and Control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid – McClure, CT Agr. Exp. Sta. Bulletin 851 (pdf)
- Soil application of imidacloprid to control hemlock woolly adelgid: Best Management Practices – Richard S. Cowles (pdf)
- Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Adelges tsugae (Annand) What it is and How to Stop It – Mark McClure (pdf)
If would like to have your information listed on this Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Web Site, please email us.
Note: Pesticide Precautionary Statement
Pesticides used improperly can be injurious to humans, animals, and plants. Follow the directions and heed all precautions on the labels.
Store pesticides in original containers under lock and key–out of the reach of children and animals–and away from food and feed.
Apply pesticides so that they do not endanger humans, livestock, crops, beneficial insects, fish, and wildlife. Do not apply pesticides when there is danger of drift, when honey bees or other pollinating insects are visiting plants, or in ways that may contaminate water or leave illegal residues.
Avoid prolonged inhalation of pesticide sprays or dusts; wear protective clothing and equipment if specified on the container.
If your hands become contaminated with a pesticide, do not eat or drink until you have washed. In case a pesticide is swallowed or gets in the eyes, follow the first-aid treatment given on the label, and get prompt medical attention. If a pesticide is spilled on your skin or clothing, remove clothing immediately and wash skin thoroughly.
Do not clean spray equipment or dump excess spray material near ponds, streams, or wells. Because it is difficult to remove all traces of herbicides from equipment, do not use the same equipment for insecticides or fungicides that you use for herbicides.
Dispose of empty pesticide containers promptly. Have them buried at a sanitary land-fill dump, or crush and bury them in a level, isolated place.
NOTE: Some States have restrictions on the use of certain pesticides. Check your State and local regulations. Also, because registrations of pesticides are under constant review by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency, consult your county agricultural agent or State extension specialist to be sure the intended use is still registered.